Across countryside, non-food crops are growing alongside wheat．Some are used in new alternatives to plastics and other materials, but others will simply be burned．
Burning crops is becoming more popular because it is good for the planet．Doing so is also cheaper than burning fossil fuels．As more land is devoted to non-food crop production, the economics of crops for fuel are likely to become even more favorable．
Humans have been burning such biomass—organic materials from plants or animals— since they discovered fire．But that burning fossil fuels could have catastrophic consequences has brought biomass back into fashion．
Even allowing for emissions (排放) of carbon dioxide from fuel used in planting, harvesting, processing and transporting biomass fuel, replacing fossil fuel with biomass can typically reduce greenhouse gas emissions by more than 90 percent．
Power stations around the world are experimenting with forms of biomass to add to their coal or oil, with encouraging results．Indeed, power companies could profit by turning to biomass, especially when the subsidies (補(bǔ)助) many governments offer for using renewable energy are taken into account．
Farmers can benefit from growing biomass．In Europe, the reduction of subsidies for certain crops is exposing farmers to market forces．Instead of being paid for whatever they produce, farmers must seek a clear demand for their product．Many believe that the demand for alternatives to fossil fuels could be just such a driver．
But while biomass offers a variety of potential alternatives, the world's infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施） has developed around burning fossil fuels to such a stage that switching to biomass involves a change in conception that many companies have not accepted．
Also, there are problems with using biomass．Although most coal-fired power stations could take a small amount of their fuel from biomass without significant adjustment, few are built to run on biomass alone．Burning some forms of biomass also causes environmental problems．Oils and waste can be smelly, while wood produces smoke unless burned properly．
The supply chains for fossil fuels are set up well, but those for biomass are just the beginning. Sources of supply for biomass rely on farm production and can therefore be less reliable. They are necessarily limited and it wouldn't make sense to turn a very large amount of valuable agricultural land away from food crops．But as the world adjusts to the need to control greenhouse gas emissions, these problems may receive more attention．
小題1:What do we know about biomass?
A．It is a useful way of burning crops．
B．It is plant and animal matter used to provide power．
C．It is a new alternative to be used widely．
D．It is a popular approach to fighting against pollution．
小題2:What are the advantages of using biomass?
a．It gives off less greenhouse gases．
b．It helps farmers receive subsidies for what they produce．
c．It has met the clear demand for energy．
d．It has brought subsidies for some power companies．
e．It is cheaper than burning fossil fuels．
A．a(chǎn), b, cB．b, c, dC．c, d, eD．a(chǎn), d, e
小題3:For coal-fired power stations, ______．
A．more effective ways to use biomass have been tried
B．using renewable energy has become their daily task
C．burning biomass alone would require considerable changes
D．setting up dependable supply channels needs governments' support
小題4:What is the author's attitude towards biomass fuels?
A．Defensive．B．Doubtful．C．Negative． D．Objective

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:C
小題4:D

試題分析：文章講述了生物質(zhì)能的好處及其生物質(zhì)現(xiàn)在并沒有得到廣泛運(yùn)用的原因，同時(shí)作者相信在不久的將來肯定能夠解決這些問題，它會(huì)被廣泛的運(yùn)用。
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章Humans have been burning such biomass—organic materials from plants or animals可知，生物質(zhì)能是一種燃燒植物或是動(dòng)物來獲取能量的東西，故選B
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章Doing so is also cheaper than burning fossil fuels．；biomass can typically reduce greenhouse gas emissions by more than 90 percent． ；Farmers can benefit from growing biomass．In Europe, the reduction of subsidies for certain crops is exposing farmers to market forces可知生物能的好處是便宜，排放溫室氣體少，能夠獲得政府的補(bǔ)助，故選D
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題從Although most coal-fired power stations could take a small amount of their fuel from biomass without significant adjustment,及倒數(shù)第一，第二段可知，依靠煤發(fā)電的電廠如果用生物質(zhì)能的話需要相當(dāng)大的改變，故選C
小題4:推斷題。從全文來看，作者并沒有推崇也沒有反對(duì)這種能源，只是非�？陀^的態(tài)度說明了它的使用情況，故選D
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文文脈清晰，但是文意較難理解。說明文是歷年高考很常見的文體，對(duì)于科技類的說明文比較難，而對(duì)于說物的文體較容易。本文中，把握好一個(gè)中心即作者對(duì)于生物質(zhì)能進(jìn)行了客觀的介紹。同時(shí)，此類文章細(xì)節(jié)題居多，在對(duì)文章看懂了的基礎(chǔ)在仔細(xì)對(duì)比選項(xiàng)和文章，即可得出答案。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In Wiltshire, England, volunteers are being sought to visit a nature protection area to count the butterflies living there and on surrounding fields. The project is promoted by all environmental protection organization, which has contributed to improving the living environment for wild animals. Recently, the organization has issued an appeal to help it observe environmental changes based on the record of butterflies and protect the environment.
In the area, the local people have planted many special flowers with the help of the organization, aiming to see whether these flowers will interest the rare and beautiful butterflies. The project officer Sarah Marshall says,“It will be a suitable habitat (棲息地) for butterflies. They are great‘indicator species’ as they are easily affected by climate changes so they make a brilliant early-warning system for the environment.” She also points out that volunteers are needed to record the number or species of butterflies, and based on the change happening to the butterflies, the hidden environmental problems in the area can be found out in time.
The organization is seeking volunteers to help monitor butterflies from April through to September. They will walk a fixed route and record the different butterflies they encounter along the way. Each visit should take no more than two hours, and each volunteer is expected to visit once a month to count the wildlife. “Staff will provide back up, so if the weather is poor on the day you are to visit (butterflies don’t like to fly in the rain, wind or if it’s too cloudy) we can have someone else do your job,” Sarah points out.
No previous experience is necessary as training and support will be provided, but a keen interest is essential. If you are interested please contact Sarah on (01380) 725670, ext 278, email—sarahm @ wiltshirewildlife. org.
小題1: According to Paragraph 1, what is the purpose of the Project?
A．To appeal to more visitors
B．To protect the environment
C．To control butterfly population
D．To expand the area for wildlife
小題2:Butterflies are called “indicator species” because _______.
A．they can provide support for visitors
B．they can give information to other species
C．they are not easily found out in their habitats
D．they are very sensitive to environmental changes
小題3:Volunteers are required to do the things EXCEPT __________.
A．having some special previous experience
B．being interested in protecting the environment
C．walking a regular route and do some recordings
D．visiting the nature protection area once a month
小題4:What is the text mainly about?
A．Visitors are being trained to identify butterflies.
B．Wildlife areas are being protected by butterflies.
C．Volunteers are being needed to count butterflies.
D．Organizations are being put up to protect butterflies.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Have you dreamed of traveling to cool places, meeting different people, and maybe picking up a language or two? No matter which country you live in, you can fly over the world’s highest waterfalls in Venezuela, study in France or take dancing lessons in Ghana. Besides the excitement of traveling, there is another reason to study abroad. "Obviously, I learned the language and am now fluent, but perhaps what’s more important was how much I learned about cultures, people, and myself." said Andrew, who studied in France.
Christina studied in Caracas, Venezuela, a city of 10 million people and a huge change from her hometown of 35,000! Christina said she learned how to better speak for herself and her beliefs and to express herself in another language. What could make you more confident than that?
Living away from home can also help you become adapted to the transition (過渡) to college and adulthood. Matthew said that he returned from studying in Australia with confidence, and a real interest in international affairs. "After having gone abroad in high school, I found the transition to college was a breeze — moving 560 miles from home didn’t seem difficult at all after having lived thousands of miles away. "
Speaking of college, improving your language skills might help you get into ideal colleges and even land future jobs. Colleges and employers know that studying abroad provides leadership skills in a world that needs much communication. Most of all, it’s fun! You won’t suffer from the general boredom (單調(diào)) while you’re studying in a different learning environment.
小題1:What do we know about Andrew?
A．He once flew over the world’s highest waterfalls.
B．He took dancing lessons in Ghana.
C．He learned about cultures in Caracas, Venezuela.
D．He studied in France.
小題2:According to Christina, studying abroad enables people to ________.
A．get along with people aroundB．have confidence in themselves
C．get used to a different lifeD．know about different cultures
小題3:By saying "I found the transition to college was a breeze", the author means it is _______ to adapt to college life.
A．interestingB．difficultC．easyD．disappointing
小題4:From the last paragraph, the greatest thing you can get by studying abroad is to _______.
A．enjoy the excitement of travelingB．pick up a new language
C．enter the university you dreamed ofD．make your life full of pleasure
小題5:What does the text mainly talk about?
A．The advantages of studying abroad.B．What to prepare to study abroad.
C．The experiences of studying abroad.D．Different opinions on studying abroad.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

C
All parents know that one of their most important tasks is to prepare their children for an independent life, but any parent can tell you that it’s hard to let go of your children. That balance between keeping your children safe and allowing them to learn from their own mistakes can be heartbreaking. Years of experience means that parents often do know best, but on the other hand the young, being less bound by tradition, are often more creative, more able to find new solutions to old problems. Revolutions are led by the young.
Good teachers make the growth of critical thinking (批判性思維) easier in their students, only to find that this lead to a questioning of the teachers’ basic beliefs. Schools encourage parents to become involved, but are often embarrassed when parents have doubts about some of the educational methods being used. Governments encourage unimportant groups to empower themselves in order to participate fully in the development process. And they are often surprised when the new leaders of these groups turn around and attack the policies or decisions of that same government. However, the rebellious (叛逆的) young and the newly unimportant groups are important in social development. They are not necessarily representatives of those they want to represent in their demands, but their voices must be heard.
Good parents know that just forbidding (禁止) particular behaviors does not prevent their children from finding ways to engage in these forbidden activities. Indeed, sometimes the forbidden fruit is more inviting, just because it is not accepted by authority. Parents must work with their children to educate them on the facts, know as much as possible about the lives of their children, provide a good example, encourage more wholesome activities but also support their children when they don’t follow what is expected of them. But the most important point is that they also need to learn how to let go.
小題1:By saying “Revolutions are led by the young.”, the author indicates that young people are more _______.
A．conventionalB．realisticC．creativeD．heartbreaking
小題2:From the second Paragraph we know ________.
A．teachers’ basic beliefs should be questioned by students
B．schools encourage parents to question their education methods
C．government is satisfied with the new leaders’ attack on the policies
D．the voice of the rebellious young should be heard by the government
小題3:In order to educate children well, parents should _______.
A．forbid particular behaviors in their daily life
B．know them well and set a good example to them
C．educate them with facts and expect much of them
D．know as much as possible about their children
小題4:From the passage we can learn that the author prefers _______.
A．free parenting B．traditional parenting
C．critical parentingD．smart parenting
小題5:What is the best title of the passage?
A．Letting Go – for Children’s Independent Life
B．Parents’ Task – in Children’s Development
C．Way of Growth – for the Young Groups
D．Teaching Methods – for Teachers and Schools

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

C
So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake everything to do for children that only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity. It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read, however, involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest (探索) for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.
小題1:The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that
________.
A．it is one of the most difficult school courses
B．students spend endless hours in reading
C．reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D．too much time is spent in teaching about reading
小題2:The teaching of reading will be successful if ________.
A．teachers can improve conditions at school for the students
B．teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading
C．teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading
D．teachers can make their teaching activities observable
小題3:The underlined word “scrutiny” most probably means “________”.
A．inquiryB．observationC．controlD．suspect
小題4:According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when
________.
A．children become highly motivated
B．teacher and learner roles are interchangeable
C．teaching helps children in the search for knowledge
D．reading enriches children’s experience
小題5: The main idea of the passage is that ________.
A．teachers should do nothing in helping students learn to read
B．teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
C．reading ability is something acquired rather than taught
D．reading is more complicated than generally believed

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Since people first sent rockets into space in the 1950s, we have been leaving behind all sorts of things. Some of them, like the camera, were lost by astronauts while they did work outside their spaceship. But much of the space junk is made up of little pieces of things that were once bigger objects, until they struck each other and broke apart.
Some things we send into space fall back toward the earth and burn up in the atmosphere. But larger pieces sometimes survive the extreme heat and hit the ground or the ocean at great speeds. So there is always concern that something may fall from the sky and do some harm.
But space junk falling on housetops (屋頂) is not the biggest worry. Scientists are concerned about what happens when an empty rocket strikes another while orbiting (繞軌道飛行) the earth. Two big things become many smaller things. They then hit other things. The pieces get smaller and smaller until they form a cloud of junk that blocks the path of future space vehicles.
So what can be done to clean up the space around our planet? Marco Castronuovo, an Italian researcher, talks about sending a satellite into space that would get very close to some of the larger pieces of space junk. The satellite would connect a small rocket to the useless object. When the rocket explodes, it pushes the junk into a lower and slower orbit, nearer the earth. After a time, the junk burns up in the atmosphere.
Mr. Castronuovo has proposed (提議) using a number of small satellites with robotic arms. One arm would catch the space junk, and another arm would connect the rocket. He imagines that each satellite would jump from one large piece of junk to another. He thinks this method could destroy about ten large objects each year.
Scientists have been concerned about space junk for many years. Right now, the costs of the clean-up have been too great. Mr. Castronuovo says his system could be put in place for a much more reasonable amount of money.
小題1:Much of the space junk _____.
A．was thrown by the astronauts
B．is from broken spaceship
C．is made up of small pieces of things
D．returns to the earth piece by piece
小題2:Scientists are most worried that the space junk _____.
A．will stop the future space vehicles
B．will do harm to the atmosphere
C．will fall on the housetops
D．will burn up in space
小題3:What does Marco Castronuovo think of his system?
A．It can remove space junk completely.
B．It can save a large amount of money.
C．It can create a large amount of space.
D．It can develop robotic technology.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

An astronomer is making a case for launching pop singer Justin Bieber into suborbital（亞軌道的）space aboard a private rocket ship. The idea is not to rid the world of the Canadian teenager — he would come back down to Earth eventually, after all — but rather to help jump-start the emerging suborbital spaceflight industry.
It would generate a lot of public interest, which would help commercial spaceflight pick up some much-needed momentum, said Seth Shostak, senior astronomer at the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute in Mountain View, California. “If there’s more interest, there are more customers. If there are more customers, there's more technical development. It's a positive feedback loop, and obviously that's good.”
Such missions would return to Earth without completing a full lap around the planet. Instead, the flights would hit the edge of space about 62 miles (100 kilometers) above Earth, experience a few minutes of weightlessness, then re-enter the atmosphere and land back at a spaceport.
None of these firms are ready to fly customers yet, but some are getting close. For instance, Virgin Galactic hopes to begin powered test flights of its SpaceShipTwo vehicle later this year, with commercial operations perhaps beginning in 2013 or 2014. It is SpaceShipTwo that reportedly grabbed the attention of Beyonce and Jay-Z.
Virgin Galactic has collected deposits from nearly 500 customers willing to pay $200,000 for a ride aboard SpaceShipTwo, and both Virgin and XCOR have inked deals to fly scientists and their experiments on research flights. So a suborbital market already exists — but Shostak is thinking about ways to make it grow.
A celebrity launch isn't Shostak’s only idea. Suborbital firms should also promote their activities aggressively via social media, Shostak said, and they should make sure their spaceships are bristling（充滿）with cameras both inside and out, to give the public dramatic views of every mission.
Some observers view commercial suborbital spaceflight as a potentially transformative industry, saying it could serve as a stepping stone to the exploration and exploitation of space on an unprecedented scale. While the industry’s success is far from assured, Shostak offered some reason for optimism: The American public remains keen on space.
小題1:Why may Justin Bieber be sent into suborbital space?
A．To show his bravery and make him a role model for teenagers.
B．To arouse the American public’s interest.
C．To help reform the spaceflight industry.
D．To film an advertisement about space.
小題2:What can we learn about suborbital spaceflight?
A．A trip will return to Earth before finishing a lap.
B．The whole trip will leave passengers weightless.
C．Each trip can take 500 passengers.
D．The trip will be too expensive even for celebrities.
小題3:What can we infer from the text?
A．SpaceShipTwo will be the first to fly.
B．Famous people will be the main passengers in the future.
C．The space trip is still in preparation.
D．Every space trip will be made into a film.
小題4:The last paragraph suggests that _________.
A．space is too mysterious to explore
B．the suborbital market is promising
C．the spaceflight industry is more successful than people think
D．developing the industry is risky
小題5:What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To predict a change in the space market.
B．To discuss a recent launch.
C．To introduce the status of the spaceflight industry.
D．To remove public doubt about the spaceflight industry.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Children find meanings in their old family tales．
When Stephen Guyer’s three children were growing up, he told them stories about how his grandfather, a banker,   1  all in the 1930s, but did not lose sight of what he valued most. In one of the darkest times   2  his strong-minded grandfather was nearly  3  , he loaded his family into the car and   4   them to see family members in Canada with a   5  , “there are more important things in life than money”.
The   6  took on a new meaning recently when Mr. Guyer downsized to  7   house from a more expensive and comfortable one. He was  8     that his children, a daughter, 15, and twins, 22, would be upset．To his surprise, they weren’t.  9     , their reaction echoed (共鳴) their great-grandfather’s．What they 10   was how warm the people were in the house and how  11    of their heart was accessible.
Many parents are finding that family stories have surprising power to help children
  12   hard times. Storytelling experts say the phenomenon reflects a growing   13    in telling tales, evidenced by a rise in storytelling events and festivals.
A university   14   of 65 families with children aged from 14 to 16 found kids’ ability to 15  parents’ stories was linked to a lower rate of anger and anxiety.
The  16  is telling the stories in a way children can 17   . We’re not talking here about the kind of story that  18  , “ When I was a kid, I walked to school every day uphill both ways, barefoot in the snow.” Instead, we should choose a story suited to the child’s 19 , and make eye contact (接觸) to create “a personal experience”. We don’t have to tell children 20   they should take from the story and what the moral is.
小題1:
A．missedB．lost C．forgotD．ignored
小題2:
A．when B．whileC．how D．why
小題3:
A．friendlessB．worthlessC．pennilessD．homeless
小題4:
A．fetchedB．a(chǎn)llowedC．expectedD．took
小題5:
A．hopeB．promiseC．suggestionD．belief
小題6:
A．taleB．a(chǎn)greementC．a(chǎn)rrangementD．report
小題7:
A．largeB．smallC．newD．grand
小題8:
A．surprisedB．a(chǎn)nnoyedC．disappointedD．worried
小題9:
A．ThereforeB．BesidesC．InsteadD．Otherwise
小題10:
A．talked aboutB．cared aboutC．wrote aboutD．heard about
小題11:
A．much B．many C．little D．few
小題12:
A．beyondB．over C．behindD．through
小題13:
A．a(chǎn)rgumentB．skillC．interestD．a(chǎn)nxiety
小題14:
A．studyB．designC．committeeD．staff
小題15:
A．provideB．retellC．supportD．refuse
小題16:
A．troubleB．gift C．factD．trick
小題17:
A．performB．write C．bearD．question
小題18:
A．meansB．ends C．beginsD．proves
小題19:
A．needsB．a(chǎn)ctivitiesC．judgmentsD．habits
小題20:
A．thatB．whatC．whichD．whom

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly-held image(形象) of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels.
An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past. "We were surprised by just how positive today's young people seem to be about their families," said one member of the research team. "They're expected to be rebellious(叛逆的) and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds; they want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There's more negotiation(商議) and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don't want to rock the boat."
So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends. "My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me," says 17-years-old Daniel Lazall. " I always tell them when I'm going out clubbing. As long as they know what I'm doing, they're fine with it." Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees. "Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiation. For example, as long as I'd done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that."
Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments, "Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to taking it over."
小題1:According to the author, teenage rebellion ________.
A．resulted from changes in families
B．may be a false belief
C．is common nowadays
D．existed only in the 1960s
小題2:What is the passage mainly about?
A．Education in family
B．Negotiation in family
C．Teenage trouble in family
D．Harmony in family
小題3:The study shows that teenagers don't want to ________.
A．go boating with their family
B．share family responsibility
C．make family decisions
D．cause trouble in their families
小題4:What is the popular images of teenagers today?
A．They dislike living with their parents
B．They quarrel a lot with other family members
C．They worry about school
D．They have to be locked in to avoid troubles
小題5:Compared with parents of 30 years ago, today's parents ________.
A．care less about their children's life
B．give their children more freedom
C．go to clubs more often with their children
D．a(chǎn)re much stricter with their children

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