15.Confucius (551BC~479BC),a Chinese philosopher,one of the most influential men in the history of China.Confucius was born in a noble family in the state of Lu.However,his parents were poor.His father died when Confucius was only three years old.In 527BC he began his life as a teacher,usually traveling about and teaching the followers that were around him.Confucius worked as an official of the state of Lu.However,he soon left office to travel and teach.In 484BC he returned to Lu,where he lived until his death.
Living in the turbulent(動蕩的)period,Confucius believed that people must go back to the principles of the ancient wise men.He therefore lectured to his pupils on the classics and taught them how to behave properly in society.Confucius did not write down the principles of his philosophy.The Analects (《論語》),a work written by some of his followers,is considered the most faithful source of information about his life and teachings.
The teachings of Confucius were practical and moral,rather than religious.He said that man's behavior should be based on five virtues:kindness,uprightness(義),decorum(禮),wisdom and faithfulness(信).He asked everyone to fulfill their duties carefully toward the state.In the centuries after his death,his teachings,known as Confucianism,had a more powerful influence on the Chinese nation.
48.At about what age did Confucius begin his teaching?D
A.51.B.27.C.48.D.24.
49.The Analects isC.
A.considered to have been written by Confucius
B.a(chǎn)bout the principles of the ancient wise men
C.a(chǎn)bout Confucius'life and his teachings
D.considered to be practical in tricks and evils
50.It can be inferred thatD.
A.Confucius was born in a very rich family
B.Confucius served as an official in his lifetime
C.the teachings of Confucius are religious
D.Confucianism was more popular after Confucius died.
分析 本文敘述了孔子是中國的教育家、思想家,在中國的歷史上最具影響力的人物之一.《論語》是儒家學派的經(jīng)典著作之一,由孔子的弟子及其再傳弟子編撰而成.孔子的思想及學說對后世產(chǎn)生了極其深遠的影響.
解答 48:D 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)In 527 BC he began his life as a teacher,孔子出生于公元前551年,他在公元前527年開始講學,所以應該是他在24歲開始講學的.故選D.
49:C 細節(jié)理解題.The Analects (《論語》),a work written by some of his followers,is considered the most faithful source of information about his life and teachings.根據(jù)《論語》講述的是孔子的一生和他的教義,故答案為C.
50:D 推理判斷題.根據(jù)根據(jù)文章最后一句話In the centuries after his death,his teachings,known as Confucianism,had a more powerful influence on the Chinese nation可知孔子死后,他的教義對后世影響極大,故答案為D.
點評 本文是人物故事類閱讀理解.做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù).