Question

【題目】 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

If you can’t seem to catch enough Z’s during the week, you’re not alone. But bad things happen to your body when you’re sleep-deprived, not least of which is weight gain. Well, here’s some good news: Sleeping in on the weekend to make up for sleep lost during the week is 【1】 with lower body mass index (BMI), according to a study published in the Oxford University Press journal Sleep.

The researchers, a collaboration of scientists based in Boston, Massachusetts, and the Republic of Korean, sought to determine if what they refer to as “catch-up sleep” 【2】 body mass index (BMI) in the general population. To do so, they conducted face-to-face interviews of a random sampling of 2,156 adults, comparing their sleep habits with their BMI scores. The 932 participants who slept in — “catch-up sleepers” (people who sleep longer on the weekend than on weekdays by approximately two hours) had a(n) 【3】 lower BMI than the other subjects. What’s more, every additional hour of catch-up sleep was linked with a decrease in BMI.

As to why sleeping in on weekends can lead to weight loss, one of the study co-authors, Robert Thomas, MD, MMSc, of the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, 【4】 Reader’s Digest of the “substantial(大量的) experimental and epidemiological(流行病學(xué)的) data that short sleep contributes to weight gain.” He notes, “our best 【5】 as researchers are that there are balances to be kept, and the body can adjust and 【6】 within reason. Catch-up sleep allows the basic balance to be maintained.”

Although the study showed significant differences in BMI with the 【7】 of two or more hours of catch-up sleep, Dr. Thomas points out that there are “substantial individual differences,” such that the benefit we get from those extra hours will vary 【8】 on how much sleep each of us generally needs. “To determine your optional sleep, you can track the time spent sleeping on nights when there is no need to wake up to an alarm,” suggests Liza Baker, a health coach at Simply Health Coaching. That tells you about how many hours of sleep your body likes to get, since it 【9】 greatly across the population, from just 4 to 5 hours to 9 to 10 hours.

So can you actually lost weight by sleeping in on the weekend? Only if you’re paying off a sleep 【10】 from the week, according to the result of this study. It helps if you’re also eating less, Dr. Thomas adds.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】AD

【2】A

【3】AB

【4】B

【5】BD

【6】ABC

【7】CD

【8】BC

【9】D

【10】C

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。當(dāng)你睡眠不足時，你的身體會發(fā)生不好的事情，尤其是體重增加。周末睡個懶覺來彌補工作日的睡眠不足會降低身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)。文章介紹了研究人員對“周末補覺”的研究結(jié)果。

【1】考查固定搭配。句意：周末睡個懶覺來彌補工作日的睡眠不足會降低身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)。be后接形容詞，“周末補覺與降低BMI有關(guān)”，be associated with“與……有關(guān)”符合句意。故填AD。

【2】考查動詞。句意：研究人員是來自美國馬薩諸塞州波士頓和韓國的科學(xué)家合作的，他們試圖確定所謂的“補眠”是否會影響一般人群的身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)。分析句子可知，賓語從句的主語為what they refer to as “catch-up sleep”，所以空處缺少謂語，根據(jù)“研究人員希望判斷出所謂的“補覺”能否影響大部分人的BMI”，所以空處填動詞impacts“影響”。故填A。

【3】考查副詞。句意：932名“補眠者”(周末比平日多睡約兩個小時的人)的BMI明顯低于其他受試者。首先可以判斷該空填副詞修飾形容詞lower，所以significantly“較大程度上”符合句意。故填AB。

【4】考查一般過去時態(tài)。句意：周末補覺可以減肥這件事使人聯(lián)想到缺覺導(dǎo)致增肥。分析句子可知，句子為一般過去時，根據(jù)句意用reminded，表示“使人聯(lián)想到”。故填B。

【5】考查名詞。句意：作為研究人員，我們最好的估計是要保持平衡，身體可以在合理范圍內(nèi)調(diào)整和適應(yīng)。分析句子可知，best后接名詞，由“are”可知，空處填名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)句意判斷填BD，estimates“估計”。故填BD。

【6】考查動詞。句意：作為研究人員，我們最好的估計是要保持平衡，身體可以在合理范圍內(nèi)調(diào)整和適應(yīng)。由“can adjust and”可知，空填動詞原形且根據(jù)句意應(yīng)填adapt，意為“適應(yīng)”。故填ABC。

【7】考查名詞。句意：盡管研究顯示，在補眠兩小時或更長時間后，身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)會有顯著差異，但托馬斯博士指出，“個體之間存在顯著差異”。the后接名詞，所以判斷該空填名，根據(jù)句意“額外睡了2小時的BMI差異”，所以填CD項addition，表示“額外，增加”。故填CD。

【8】考查現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。句意：因此，我們從這些額外的時間中得到的好處將取決于我們每個人通常需要多少睡眠。分析句子可知，will vary為謂語動詞，所以空處填非謂語動詞且表示主動關(guān)系，根據(jù)句意，表示“取決于”。故填BC。

【9】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這告訴你你的身體需要多少小時的睡眠，因為它在人群中變化很大，從4到5小時到9到10小時。首先可以判斷該空填一個動詞，“個人所需睡眠時間因人而異”，分析句子可知，since引導(dǎo)的從句為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為it，空處缺少謂語，由“from just 4 to 5 hours to 9 to 10 hours”可知，空處填D項varies，“變化”。故填D。

【10】考查名詞。句意：那么，周末睡懶覺真的能減肥嗎?根據(jù)這項研究的結(jié)果表明，只有當(dāng)你從一周中償還了睡眠債的時候才能減肥。由“a”可知，空處填名詞，再由前文pay off，所以填C項debt，意為“債務(wù)”。故填C。