Many people have tried to simplify (簡(jiǎn)化) the spelling of English words.Unlike other languages，English sometimes spells the same sounds in very different ways.For example，there is “l(fā)ight” but “white”，“l(fā)oan” but “phone”，and there are at least seven different ways of pronouncing “ough”：“though”，“through”，“bough”，“cough”，“enough”，“ought” and “thorough”．

The American President Theodore Roosevelt almost succeeded in simplifying English spelling.In 1906，Andrew Carnegie started the Simplified Spelling Board.He was one of the richest men in the United States of America.The board’s plan was to make the spelling of words nearer to the way they sound.For example，the word “though” would be spelt “tho” and “through” would become “thru”．Other people on the board were Melvil Dewey，the head of the New York libraries，and Professor Brander Matthews of Columbia University.They explained their idea to President Roosevelt，who thought that it was indeed logical.He immediately asked the government printer to use simplified spelling in all government letters.

But people didn’t like the change，even if it made life easier.So the new simpler spelling was not popular.More importantly，when the American politicians (政客) discussed the plan，they did not like it either.Because Roosevelt did not want to have any problems with the politicians，he changed his mind and told the printer to go back to the old way of spelling.

Since then no one in any government has dared to simplify English spelling.However，people do simplify some words，mainly in advertisements.For example，we often see “tonite” instead of “tonight” and “thru” instead of “through”．

58．Many people have tried to simplify English spelling because________.

A．English words are too long to remember

B．there are many mistakes in English words

C．lots of words are spelt in many different ways

D．sometimes the same sounds have different spellings

59．Who is NOT a member of the Simplified Spelling Board?

A．Andrew Carnegie.                               B．Melvil Dewey.

C．Theodore Roosevelt.                            D．Brander Matthews.

60．What was Theodore Roosevelt’s attitude towards simplified spelling?

A．Worried.                                             B．Supportive.

C．Uncertain.                                           D．Doubtful.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　一直以來(lái)，有很多人致力于簡(jiǎn)化英語(yǔ)拼寫(xiě)。美國(guó)總統(tǒng)西奧多·羅斯福和鋼鐵大王安德魯·卡內(nèi)基就曾一起進(jìn)行過(guò)拼寫(xiě)改革。

58．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Unlike other languages，English sometimes spells the same sounds in very different ways可知，人們?cè)噲D簡(jiǎn)化英語(yǔ)拼寫(xiě)是因?yàn)橛⒄Z(yǔ)單詞有時(shí)候同樣的發(fā)音會(huì)有不同的拼寫(xiě)。

59．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Andrew Carnegie started the Simplified Spelling Board和Other people on the board were Melvil Dewey...Brander Matthews可知他們?nèi)耸呛?jiǎn)化拼寫(xiě)委員會(huì)成員，而美國(guó)總統(tǒng)Theodore Roosevelt并不是這個(gè)組織的成員。

60．B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段They explained their idea to President Roosevelt，who thought that it was indeed logical.He immediately...可知，Roosevelt對(duì)簡(jiǎn)化英語(yǔ)拼寫(xiě)持支持態(tài)度。

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

I was a single parent with my son. Two jobs allowed me an apartment, food, and child care payment. Little money was left over for clothes,   1   I kept us nicely dressed. Loving    2    , I bought for myself beautiful reds and oranges, and greens and pinks. And quite often I wore them in mixtures, which, against the usually correct way, brought   3    to the eyes of people who could not avoid    4     me.

I went to my son’s     5     frequently. And he would always come and greet me and my colorful clothes.    6    , when my son was six, he told me    7    that he had to talk to me.

“Mother, do you have any sweaters that    8    ?”

I said, “No, I don’t.”

 “Oh, I wish you did.     9    you could wear them to my school.” Then he continued, “Mother, could you please    10    come to school when they call you?” Then I realized that my dress was a(n)    11     to him.

I learned to be a little more careful to    12      causing him displeasure. As he grew older and more confident, I gradually    13     to my particular way of dressing. I was happier when I chose and created my own     14    .

I have lived in this body all my life and know it much    15    than any fashion designer. I think I know what looks good   16     me.

    17      is important to mention because many people are imprisoned by powerful principles on the    18    way of dressing. Those decisions made by    19     are not truly meant to make your life better. Seek the fashion which truly suits you. You will always be in fashion if you are    20     to yourself.

1. A. but                B. and             C. or                   D. because

2. A. shapes           B. styles          C. colors            D. tastes

3. A. envy            B. appreciation   C. disappointment      D. surprise 

4. A. recognizing       B. admiring      C. accepting         D. noticing

5. A. office             B. home          C. school             D. lab

6. A. However         B. Meanwhile     C. Otherwise         D. Therefore

7. A. proudly            B. jokingly         C. seriously            D. curiously

8. A. cost             B. work           C. fit              D. match

9. A. Even if             B. As if             C. So that             D. In case

10. A. only            B. still             C. once            D. ever

11. A. wonder          B. surprise        C. embarrassment    D. honor

12. A. practice           B. remember         C. mind              D. avoid

13. A. turned           B. returned        C. escaped          D. took

13. A. fashion            B. sweater           C. color             D. tradition

15. A. better            B. worse           C. more           D. less

16. A. in               B. on               C. with           D. of 

17. A. Dress           B. Money           C. Principles      D. Designers

18. A. experienced      B. proper           C. formal          D. simple

19. A. me             B. yourself          C. others          D. ones

20. A. true             B. serious          C. practical        D. responsible

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

The greatest source of inspiration for me has always been my father. Though he’s been gone for 17 years, his   21   still resonate（產(chǎn)生共鳴）. He taught me how to run my own race in life. But the most inspiring thing he taught me was to   22  .

One incident is   23   in my mind. It happened when I was a teenager. My sister and I weren’t very fond of a so-called friend of   24  . Dad was a very generous man, and as he’d done with so many people, he’d given this fellow great help. But when he asked for a favor   25  , the guy didn’t deliver.

Dad’s outlook（人生觀）on most things was “Live and let live.” In this case, however, his calmness   26   Terre and me, and we let him know it.

“How can you be nice to that man?” we said to him. “You’ve been so kind to him, and he’s not being kind back. Why would you want to give him the time of day again?”

My father shrugged（聳肩）and said to us, “I do not bend my back with   27  . ”

I didn’t get it at first, but over the years I came to understand the   28  . Holding a grudge（怨恨）doesn’t   29   the person you’re angry with, but it changes you. It makes you heavier and gives you more weight to drag around.

After my father died in 1991, a (n)   30   came from a fellow I’d had a quarrel with years before to   31   his sympathy. He wrote: “I thought I’d tell you how sorry I am   32   the loss of your father. I know he   33   the world to you. I just wanted to let you know that you are in my thoughts. ”

Much moved, I wrote back. I thanked him for his   34  . And then, because he’d   35   

our disagreement, I recalled Dad’s inspiring words. “I am my father’s daughter,” I wrote. “And like him, I do not bend my back with yesterday.”

A. lectures             B. suggestions             C. lessons           D. pictures

A. forgive              B. persuade                C. forget              D. excuse

A. vital               B. obvious                  C. visual              D. vivid

A. sister’s              B. mine                      C. father's             D. mother’s

A. in return           B. in turn                   C. by return                D. by turn

A. relaxed                  B. moved                        C. interrupted        D. bothered

A. anger            B. disappointment       C. worry             D. yesterday

A. reason               B. word                     C. philosophy         D. sentence

A. change              B. hurt                    C. upset              D. disturb

A. news                  B. letter                C. message             D. information

A. explain                B. express               C. produce                 D. present

A. in                    B. with                     C. about             D. at

A. showed               B. represented        C. equaled          D. meant

A. kindness            B. sympathy            C. understanding     D. consideration

A. referred               B. mentioned           C. reminded           D. retold

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

In the United States, when one becomes rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is. That is what “keeping up with the Joneses” is about.  It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbors.

The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $ 125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horseback riding every day. When he saw that rich people had servants. Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbors.　

It was like a race, but one could never finish this race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They had to move back to an apartment in New York City. Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with rich lifestyle of their neighbors. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories. He called it “Keeping up with the Joneses” because “Jones” is a very common name in the United States. “Keeping up with the Joneses” came to mean keeping up with rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand’s series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.

People never seem to get tired of keeping up with the Joneses. And there are “Joneses” in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.

Some people want to keep up with the Joneses because they ______.

A．want to be as rich as their neighbors

B．want others to know or to think that they are rich

C．don't want others to know they are rich

D．want to be happy

It can be inferred from the story that rich people like to ________.　

A．live outside New York City    B．live in New York City

　 C．live in apartments            D．live with many neighbors

What's the author's attitude to keeping up with the Joneses?

A．Negative.                   B．Positive.

C．Supportive.                  D．Objective.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

Many people have been ill from a strange disease these days,______we’ve never heard of before.

    A. one    B. that   C. it    D. this

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Thirty- two people watched Kitty Genovese being killed right below their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. Was this in gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feeling about one’s fellowman?

　　“Not so,”say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to research into the reasons why people didn’t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency（緊急情況）. Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the side - walk. Is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma（昏迷） from a headache? Or is he about to sleep off a drunk? Is the smoke coming into the room from a leak（漏洞）in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It’s not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible（負(fù)責(zé)任的）. He must feel that he must help, or the person won’t get the help he needs.

　　The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to be “tested.”Some came alone. Some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The researchers started them off on the “tests.”Then they went into the next room. A curtain divided the “testing room”and the room into which they went. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of bookshelves falling and a cry for help. All of this had been prerecorded on a tape recorder.

　　Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped.

　　In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn’t. They do not feel any direct responsibility.

　　Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes. Scientists found that the people were shocked, they sweated, and they had trembling hands. They felt the other person’s trouble. But they did not act. They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with.

60. The purpose of this passage is ________.

　A. to explain why people fail to act in emergencies

　B. to explain when people will act in emergencies

　C. to explain what people will do in emergencies

D. to explain how people feel in emergencies

61. Which of the following is NOT true?

　　A. When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that there is a real emergency.

　　B. When a person tries to help others, he should know whether they are worth his help.

　　C. A person must take the full responsibility for the safety of those in emergencies if he wants to help.

　　D. A person with a heart attack needs the most.

62. The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that ________.

　 A. they are afraid of emergencies

　 B. they are not willing to get themselves involved

　 C. others will act if they themselves hesitate

D. they do not have any direct responsibility for those who need help

63. The author suggests that ________.

　　A. we shouldn’t blame a person if he fails to act in emergencies

　　B. a person must feel guilty if he fails to help

　　C. people should be responsible for themselves in emergencies

D. when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案